Characteristics of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM)
Holistic Viewpoint:
- TCM emphasizes the concept of "harmony between man and nature" and views the human body as an organic whole closely connected with its environment.
- It values the “balance of Yin and Yang”, believing that health is a result of internal balance among organs, as well as harmony between the human body and nature.
- Treatment is based on “syndrome differentiation”, tailoring therapies to each individual's constitution and specific condition.
Syndrome Differentiation and Treatment (Bian Zheng Lun Zhi):
- This is the core of TCM diagnosis and treatment. Instead of treating symptoms in isolation (e.g., just the headache), TCM collects comprehensive information through the “four diagnostic methods”: observation, listening/smelling, questioning, and pulse analysis.
- It emphasizes “personalized, flexible treatment” depending on the person, time, and environment.
- TCM applies the principles of "different treatments for the same disease" and "same treatment for different diseases", based on the underlying patterns or syndromes.
Emphasis on Prevention and Wellness:
- TCM values “preventive care”, also called "treating illness before it happens".
- It promotes: Healthy lifestyle and diet; Adapting to seasonal and climatic changes; The use of “diet therapy, herbal tonics, qigong, and tai chi” for health maintenance and disease prevention.
Diverse Treatment Methods
- TCM includes a wide range of therapeutic approaches, not just herbal prescriptions: Chinese herbal medicine (in the form of decoctions, pills, powders, etc.); Acupuncture; Tuina (therapeutic massage); Cupping and Gua Sha (scraping); Moxibustion (burning mugwort near acupuncture points); External treatments(e.g., topical applications, therapeutic baths, fumigation).
Natural Medicine Sources:
- Chinese herbal medicine is mainly derived from “natural sources”—plants, animals, and minerals.
- Herbal formulas follow a specific structure known as the “Emperor–Minister–Assistant–Guide” principle, ensuring synergy and balance in prescriptions.
Deep Philosophical and Cultural Roots:
- TCM is deeply influenced by traditional Chinese philosophies such as “Taoism, Confucianism, and the Book of Changes (I Ching)”.
- Key theoretical foundations include: Yin-Yang and Five Elements theory; The concept of Qi (vital energy); The Meridian (channel) system; The unity of “body and mind”, and internal-external harmony.